Cov txheej txheem nyias-phaj feem ntau yog xa mus rau cov txheej txheem tsim los ntawm vuam steel daim hlau (xws li stainless hlau daim hlau, galvanized daim hlau, thiab cov ntawv hlau dawb) nrog lub thickness tsis ntau tshaj 4 hli. Arc welding yog txheej txheem tsis sib xws ntawm cua sov thiab cua txias. Thaum lub sij hawm thiab tom qab vuam, cov welded Cheebtsam yuav deformed. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas cuam tshuam rau vuam deformation yog thermal deformation thaum lub sij hawm vuam thiab rigidity ntawm welded Cheebtsam. Lub thermal deformation thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem yog txwv los ntawm nruj tej yam kev mob ntawm lub Cheebtsam, thiab compressive yas deformation tshwm sim, uas ua rau welding residual deformation.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tswj vuam deformation
1. Kev ntsuas tsim
(1) Xaiv qhov tsim nyog weld loj: qhov loj ntawm weld loj yuav ua rau kom qhov deformation, tab sis qhov me me qhov loj me me yuav txo tau cov kabmob muaj peev xwm ntawm cov qauv, ua kom cov cua txias ntawm cov welded sib koom ua ke, thiab ua kom lub zog ntawm cov cua sov. - thaj tsam cuam tshuam. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los tsim cov kab nrib pleb thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag, yog li ntawm qhov ua tiav ntawm kev txaus siab ntawm cov qauv kev coj tus kheej muaj peev xwm thiab ua kom cov vuam zoo, qhov tsawg tshaj plaws weld loj uas yuav raug xaiv nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau xaiv raws li lub thickness ntawm lub phaj.
(2) Tsawg tus naj npawb ntawm welds:
Tsim nyog xaiv lub thickness ntawm lub phaj thiab txo tus naj npawb ntawm tav, thiaj li yuav txo tau qhov kev kho tus nqi ntawm vuam seam thiab deformation tom qab vuam, xws li nyias phaj structural qhov chaw, rib phaj qauv yuav tsum tau hloov los ntawm ib tug profiled qauv los txo qhov tus naj npawb ntawm vuam seams thiab tiv thaiv lossis txo qhov deformation tom qab vuam.
(3) Tsim nyog kev npaj ntawm vuam seam txoj hauj lwm:
Kev khoov deformation tuaj yeem txo qis yog tias qhov vuam yog sib npaug rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov vuam seem lossis yog qhov vuam nyob ze rau qhov nruab nrab axis.
(4) Reserved shrinkage margin:
Lub longitudinal thiab transverse shrinkage deformation ntawm weldment tom qab vuam tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev kwv yees lub shrinkage ntawm weld thiab tawm hauv qhov shrinkage margin ua ntej hauv kev tsim.
(5) Tuav txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub vuam fixture:
Muaj ib txoj hauj lwm uas lub vuam fixture tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau ntawm cov qauv, yog li ntawd lub fixture yuav siv tau los tswj cov kev deformation thaum lub sij hawm vuam txheej txheem.
2. Txoj kev tiv thaiv deformation
(1) Lub unilateral V-groove pob tw vuam ntawm cov hlau phaj nrog lub thickness ntawm 8 ~ 12 hli, thiab rov qab deformation ntawm 1.5 degree thaum lub sij hawm sib dhos, yuav luag tsis muaj angular deformation tom qab vuam.
(2) Lub kaum sab xis deformation ntawm I-nqaj yog tshwm sim los ntawm lateral shrinkage tom qab welding, yog hais tias lub sab sauv thiab sab cover daim hlau yog pre-pressed rau rov qab deformation (yas deformation) ua ntej welded, thiab ces welded tom qab sib dhos, lub sab sauv thiab qis dua. npog daim hlau tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm. deformation tom qab vuam. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov loj ntawm qhov rov qab deformation ntawm daim hlau sab sauv thiab sab qis yog feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog lub thickness thiab dav ntawm lub phaj, nrog rau lub thickness ntawm lub vev xaib thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
(3) Cov yeeb nkab sib txuas ntawm cov boilers thiab cov thawv ntim yog concentrated nyob rau hauv sab sauv, uas yuav ua rau bending deformation tom qab vuam. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej los tiv thaiv deformation clamping, thiab cov kab sib txuas ntawm cov kab sib txuas thiab cov cua sov yuav tsum tau siv. Txoj kev sib tw dhia vuam yog siv nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm sab nraud quab yuam. Lub elastic los tiv thaiv deformation yog ua ke nrog ib tug tsim nyog cua sov welding ib theem zuj zus, thiab cov dabtsi yog khoov deformation yuav tau pib tshem tawm tom qab vuam.
(4) Ob lub ntsiab nqaj ntawm tus choj crane yog lub thawv-zoo li cov qauv tsim los ntawm sab laug thiab sab xis webs thiab sab sauv thiab qis daim hlau. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov rigidity ntawm lub nqaj, cov kab loj thiab me me yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov nqaj, thiab cov tav tav no tau tsim. Phaj fillet welds feem ntau yog concentrated nyob rau sab sauv ntawm lub nqaj, uas yuav ua rau bending deformation ntawm lub vojvoog qis tom qab vuam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem kev cai rau choj cranes qhia tias lub ntsiab girder yuav tsum muaj qee yam ntawm sab sauv camber tom qab vuam. Txhawm rau daws qhov tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tom qab vuam deformation thiab kev xav tau, cov txheej txheem ntawm prefabricated web camber feem ntau yog siv, uas yog, thaum npaj cov ntaub ntawv, ob lub webs ntawm lub thaiv tawm ntawm lub camber sab saud.
3. Rigid fixation txoj kev
Ua ntej welded, cov khoom siv welded yog tswj los ntawm kev nruj ntxiv, thiab cov khoom siv welded tsis tuaj yeem deformed ywj pheej thaum vuam.
(1) Thaum vuam flanges, kho ob lub flanges rov qab tuaj yeem txo qhov deformation ntawm kaum sab xis.
(2) Thaum cov nplooj ntawv yog butted, siv lub luj ib ncig ntawm ob sab los tiv thaiv yoj deformation ntawm nplooj ntawv tom qab vuam.
Tom qab vuam, thaum tshem tawm cov kev txwv sab nraud, tseem yuav muaj me ntsis deformation ntawm lub vuam, tab sis nws tsawg dua qhov qub. Txoj kev no yuav ua kom muaj kev ntxhov siab loj hauv vuam hauv qhov vuam. Siv ceev faj.
4. Xaiv qhov tsim nyog vuam ib ntus
Qhov sib txuas ntawm vuam muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo rau cov qauv vuam. Kev siv vuam tsis zoo yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua tiav ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem. Rau asymmetric welded structural qhov chaw, ntau xim yuav tsum tau them rau lub rational kev txiav txim.
(1) Piv txwv li, I-beams tuaj yeem welded los ntawm ob tus neeg tib lub sijhawm.
(2) Thaum cov txheej txheem kho dua tshiab yog asymmetrical, sab uas tsis tshua muaj welds yuav tsum tau welded ua ntej, vim tias qhov deformation ntawm cov welds loj ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd cov deformation tshwm sim los ntawm qhov ntau welds ntawm sab nraud yog siv los cuam tshuam qhov deformation tshwm sim. los ntawm welds ua ntej. , uas tuaj yeem txo qhov deformation ntawm tag nrho cov qauv.
(3) Thaum welding ntev welds, qhov deformation los ntawm vuam yog qhov loj tshaj plaws, uas yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov cua sov mus sij hawm ntev ntawm kev sib txuas txuas txuas txuas ntxiv. Yog tias ua tau, kev sib txuas txuas txuas ntxiv yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau qhov sib txuas sib txuas, uas tuaj yeem txo tus nqi ntawm vuam seam thiab niam. Cov khoom siv yas deformation vim qhov nce ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
5. Thaum tshav kub kub dissipation txoj kev
Thaum lub sij hawm vuam, cov cua sov hauv qhov chaw vuam yog dissipated los ntawm kev quab yuam txias (dej tshuaj tsuag txias txoj kev), yuam kom cov cua sov cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau zoo heev txo, thiaj li mus cuag lub hom phiaj ntawm txo deformation.
Piv txwv li, txoj kev tshav kub dissipation tuaj yeem txo qhov vuam deformation, tab sis nws tsis haum rau vuam qhov chaw nrog siab hardenability.
6. Txoj kev hnyav tus kheej
Yog hais tias sab sauv ntawm I-beam muaj welds ntau tshaj qhov qis, I-beam yuav khoov upwards tom qab vuam.
Piv txwv li, yog tias I-nqaj tig dhau thiab ob lub piers tau muab tso rau ntawm ob qhov kawg, qhov khoov deformation tom qab vuam tuaj yeem maj mam offset los ntawm kev khoov ntawm cov nqaj tus kheej qhov hnyav. , qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ob lub piers yuav tsum tau xaiv kom raug.
